BACHRACH, JACOB BEN MOSES
- BACHRACH, JACOB BEN MOSES
- BACHRACH, JACOB BEN MOSES (also called Ba'al
ha-Ma'amarim or Jacob ha-Bachri; 1824–1896), rabbi and
grammarian. Bachrach, a descendant of jair bacharach , was born in
Sejny in the district of Suwalki; he studied with his grandfather
judah bachrach. In addition to being an accomplished talmudist he
was versed in secular knowledge. For many years he was superintendent of
the Hebrew department of a printing establishment in Koenigsberg. In
1858 he published in that press his Maẓref ha-Avodah, which
deals with the controversy over Ḥasidism between Benjamin Wolf of
Slonim, a disciple of elijah b. solomon zalman the Gaon of Vilna,
and Joseph of Nemirov, a disciple
of levi isaac of berdichev . Later editions of this book carry the
title Vikkuḥa Rabbah ("Great Debate"). In 1858 he also
published the Sefer Yuḥasin of abraham zacuto with
corrections and comments. Between 1861 and 1864 he published Jacob b.
Asher's Turim with his own annotations. From Koenigsberg he
moved to Sebastopol. There, while managing a refinery, he began to take
an interest in the literature of the karaites and engage in
polemics with them. In 1893 his book Me-ha-Ibbur u-Minyan
ha-Shanim ("Concerning Intercalation and the Calendar") appeared
in Warsaw. In it he attempted to prove the antiquity of the Hebrew
calendar , in opposition to the Karaite theory on one side and to
the opinion of Ḥ.Z. Slonimsky on the other side. From there he moved to
Bialystok, where he played an important role in founding the Ḥovevei
Zion movement and was sent to Ereẓ Israel in 1882. His findings during
his visit there are contained in his Sefer ha-Massa le-Ereẓ
Yisrael (Warsaw, 1884), one of the earliest propaganda books of
the Ḥovevei Zion. For a short time, he was also private secretary to
samuel mohilever. Bachrach also engaged in scientific study of the
Hebrew language. Among other things, he tried to prove the antiquity of
the Hebrew vowels and accents, in opposition to the opinion of
elijah levita who had held that these were not introduced until
after the conclusion of the Talmud. These studies appeared in Sefer
ha-Yaḥas li-Khetav Ashuri ve-Toledot ha-Nekuddot ve-ha-Te'amim
("History of the Assyrian Script, Vowels, and Accents," Warsaw, 1854)
and Hishtaddelut im Shadal ("Engagement with Samuel David
Luzzatto," Warsaw, 1897), a kind of extension to his earlier work.
Despite the great acumen shown in his works, they did not meet with the
general approval of the scholars of his time.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
E. Atlas, in: Ha-Asif, 1 (1884), 246ff.; S. Wiener,
Kohelet Moshe (1893–1918), nos. 3311, 4521, 4723;
Lu'aḥAḥi'asaf, 5 (1898), 326; EZD, 1
(1958), 291–3; Kressel, Leksikon, 1 (1965), 241–2.
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
Look at other dictionaries:
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